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进入21世纪的前10年,日本侵权法学也进入了新时代,尤其是关于侵权行为的要件正在发生一些根本性的变化。本文在回顾权利侵害与违法性关系的学说以及判例的基础上,全面概括了目前日本判例中出现的全新法益类型。也正是由于这种多样化的法益逐渐被判例所认可,学界认为权利侵害要件也得以“再生”。与此同时,关于是否需要违法性概念,学界虽然提出了许多新观点,但是立场仍然泾渭分明。笔者认为,在全体法律秩序中,违法性的判断仍然是必不可少的,因此仍然需要违法性的概念。最后,笔者对与本文的主题相关联的《中华人民共和国侵权责任法》第2条做了评价。
In the first 10 years of the 21st century, Japan’s tort law has also entered a new era. In particular, some fundamental changes are taking place on the elements of the tort. On the basis of reviewing the doctrines and the precedents of the relationship between infringement and illegality, this article comprehensively summarizes the new types of law and interests appearing in the current Japanese jurisprudence. It is also precisely because of this diversified legal interests gradually accepted by the jurisprudence, the academic community believes that the elements of the right to infringement have been “regeneration ”. In the meantime, despite the many new ideas put forward by the academic circles on the necessity of the concept of illegality, their positions are still quite different. In my opinion, the judgments of illegality are still indispensable in the legal order as a whole. Therefore, the concept of illegality is still needed. Finally, I comment on Article 2 of “Law of Torts of the People’s Republic of China” related to the subject of this article.