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磨损是工业上导致零件和装备失效的三个主要问题中的一个。人们在不断探索改善零件性能的潜力,提出新的技术,力图提高零件的使用寿命,降低运作成本。由此看来,电镀及涂覆技术是很重要的。人们已经采用传统的镀硬铬来改善耐磨性(或)耐蚀性,然而电镀过程中会产生有害的致癌物质六价铬,致使其应用受到了越来越大的限制。因此,必须鉴别和研发无毒的、非致癌的和对环境友好的涂覆材料和工艺。其中用本文所述的HVOF工艺涂覆的“陶瓷合金”(Cr3C2-NiCr-WC-CoCr)前景最被看好。用光学和电子显微分析法、X射线衍射法、密度和显微磨料磨损试验标征了用这种工艺获得的涂层的特性。从总体上看,WC-CoCr涂层的性能最好,由此可以认为,它是一种前景广阔、可以替代电镀硬铬的涂覆技术。
Wear is one of the three major problems in industry that cause the failure of parts and equipment. People are constantly exploring the potential to improve the performance of parts, put forward new technologies, trying to improve the service life of parts, reduce operating costs. From this, electroplating and coating technology is very important. The traditional hard chrome plating has been used to improve the wear resistance (or corrosion resistance), however, the electroplating process will produce harmful carcinogen hexavalent chromium, resulting in its application has been more and more limited. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and develop non-toxic, non-carcinogenic and environmentally friendly coating materials and processes. Among them, the prospect of “ceramic alloy” (Cr3C2-NiCr-WC-CoCr) coated with the HVOF process described in this article is the most promising. Optical and electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, density and microscopic abrasive wear tests characterize the coatings obtained with this process. Overall, the WC-CoCr coating performs best and therefore can be considered a promising coating alternative to hard chrome plating.