有机磷化合物对脏器的损害是有机磷农药中毒病死率较高的原因之一。本文就有机磷农药中毒的脏器损害作一综述。一、对酶的抑制作用有机磷农药主要是抑制胆碱酯酶(ChE),使其丧失水解乙酰胆碱(ACh)的能力,胆碱能神经末梢部位释放的ACh不能迅速被水解,产生ACh的蓄积,引起组织器官功能的改变,产生一系列症状。有机磷农药抑制ChE的速度,与其化学结构有一定的关系。凡具有磷酯键的如敌百虫等,对ChE的抑制作用快,不仅在动物体内表现出强大的抑制作用,在体外也可表现出同样的作用,这一类叫做直接抑制剂。而含有硫代磷酸键的有机磷农药,在体外抑制ChE的作用弱,必须在体内使其结构中的硫脱离,而以氧置换,转化为磷酸键,才能发挥强大的抑制ChE的作用,这一类称为间接抑制剂。如对硫磷必须转化为对氧磷才能发挥 Organophosphorus compounds on organ damage is organophosphate pesticide poisoning mortality is one of the reasons. This article reviews the organ damage caused by organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. First, the inhibition of enzyme Organophosphorus pesticide is mainly the inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE), loss of its ability to hydrolyze acetylcholine (ACh), ACh release of cholinergic nerve endings can not be quickly hydrolyzed, resulting in the accumulation of ACh , Causing changes in tissue and organ function, resulting in a series of symptoms. Organic phosphorus pesticides inhibit ChE speed, and its chemical structure has a certain relationship. Where a phosphorus ester bond such as trichlorfon, etc., ChE inhibition of fast, not only in animals showed a strong inhibitory effect in vitro can also show the same effect, this category is called direct inhibitor. Phosphorothioate-containing organophosphorus pesticides, in vitro inhibition of the role of ChE weak, it must be in the body so that the structure of the sulfur from the oxygen replaced, converted to phosphate bonds, can play a powerful role in the inhibition of ChE, which One type is indirect inhibitors. Such as parathion must be converted to paraoxon to play