研究表明,学生学习困难的原因与其元认知参与的缺乏有直接关系.本文结合元认知理论,认为任务知识薄弱、监控失调、调节盲目和元认知体验欠缺是影响高中物理实验学习困难的主要元认知因素.教师只有了解哪些方面元认知技能的缺失会对学生实验学习存在影响,才能对症下药,有针对性地提高学生的元认知技能. The research shows that the reason of students’ learning difficulties is directly related to their lack of metacognition.According to the theory of metacognition, this paper argues that the task knowledge is weak, the monitoring disorder, the adjustment blindness and the lack of metacognitive experience are the difficulties that affect high school physics experiment learning The main metacognitive factors.Teachers only understand what aspects of the lack of metacognitive skills will have an impact on the experimental learning of students in order to remedy the problem, targeted to improve students’ metacognitive skills.