论文部分内容阅读
:U j ur一词的使用有着悠久的历史 ,约始于公元 4世纪末。该词在不同的历史时期有着不同的汉译形式。其涵义和指谓约经历了三个历史阶段 :最初表示的是部落联合体之意 ,而并非如通常所说的指部落名称 ,且使用这一名称的部落联合体还不止一个 ;至公元 8世纪初时 ,发展为封建世袭制性质的汗国 (il,el,εl)名称 ;至于将该词用于现代意义上的民族称谓则更晚 ,约始于 1933～1934年间。从构成上看 ,汉文史籍所称之回纥 (即 Uj ur) ,包括“十姓回纥”(On Uj ur)和“九姓乌护”(Toquz O uz)两大支系 ,分别由乌古部族 (O uz Qεbilisi)内的若干部落所组成。最初 ,前者分布于色楞格河、土拉河一带 ;后者则分布于东部天山地区。其王统 ,在唐开元十五年 (72 7年 )以前 ,属“十姓回纥”支系 ,其后则转属“九姓乌护”支系。导致其王统更迭的原因便是本文所称的“甘凉之变”。此外 ,本文对史学界所谓“内九族”和“外九部”之说亦进行了辨析 ,认为该说不能够成立 ,使用这一组概念 ,非但于史学研究无益 ,且易混淆许多史实
: The use of the term U j ur has a long history, dating from the end of the 4th century AD. The term has different forms of Chinese translation in different historical periods. Its meaning and reference have gone through about three historical stages: the initial expression of the meaning of the tribal consortium, not the tribal consortium as it is commonly referred to, and the tribal consortium using the same name; to AD 8 At the beginning of this century, it developed into the name of the feudal hereditary nature of khanate (il, el, εl). Later on, the term used in the modern sense was later, starting from 1933 to 1934. From the perspective of composition, the accounts of Chinese historical records refer to Ujur, which include the two major clans of “On Ujur” and “Toquz Ouz” (O uz Qεbilisi) composed of a number of tribes. Initially, the former was located in the Selenga River and the Tula River; the latter in the Tianshan Mountains in the east. His reign was a clan of “the ten surnames Hui” in the fifteen years (727 years) of the Kaiyuan reign of Tang Dynasty, and then to the clan of “the surname Wu Wu”. The reason leading to the change of the kingdom is the so-called “cool change”. In addition, the dissertation also analyzes the so-called “Neijiuzu” and “Xiajiubu” in history and thinks that the theory can not be established. The use of this set of concepts not only serves the interests of historiography but also confuses many historical facts