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综述了重要经济红藻法紫菜属物种多样性及其地理分布,修订了法紫菜属中文名称,回顾了紫菜生活史研究的历程,基本概括了法紫菜栽培生物学基础研究成果。根据文献报道及最新研究成果,认为紫菜属和法紫菜属共有138个物种,集中分布在北半球的温带、亚热带海域,其中我国是物种多样性较高的国家之一,其物种及变种数达到25个。法紫菜生活史的阐明对紫菜栽培产业的发展具有奠基性的作用,其中我国藻类学家曾呈奎和张德瑞在法紫菜生活史研究中作出了重要的贡献,提出了壳孢子的概念,被广泛接受并沿用至今。壳孢子采苗和丝状体培养技术是发展紫菜栽培业的重要基础,丝状体生长发育及壳孢子形成的分子机制将是未来法紫菜生物学研究的重点和难点。尽管根据已发表的相关文献大致梳理了法紫菜相关生物学基础研究的成果,但限于篇幅对栽培生产中相关技术的优化、完善与推广以及新品种培育等均未作介绍。
In this paper, the species and geographical distribution of Porphyra species in important economic red algae were reviewed. The Chinese name of French seaweed genus was revised. The course of the research on the life history of laver was reviewed. The basic research achievements of the culture of Porphyra yezoensis were summarized. According to the reports in the literature and the latest research results, 138 species of Porphyra and Porphyra are considered, concentrated in the temperate and subtropical seas of the Northern Hemisphere. China is one of the countries with high species diversity with 25 species and varieties A The clarification of the life history of Faezera has a fundamental role in the development of the cultivation industry of laver. Among them, Zeng Chengkui and Zhang Derui, our country’s algaeologists, made important contributions in the study of the life history of Faeze, and proposed the concept of conchospores. Still in use. Chlamydosporium seedlings and filamentous culture technology is an important foundation for the development of laver cultivation industry, and the molecular mechanism of filamentous body growth and conidial formation will be the focus and difficulty in the future research on the biology of Fischer. Although based on the published literature, the basic research on basal forages related to biology has been basically reviewed. However, the limitations on the optimization, improvement and popularization of cultivation techniques and cultivation of new varieties have not been introduced.