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全球华语有共同的基础和来源,这就是20世纪上半叶的民族共同语——国语。文章以全球华语通用的三套餐食类名词,即“早饭、午饭、晚饭,早餐、午餐、晚餐,早膳、午膳、晚膳”为对象,对其在国语之前、国语中,以及普通话和华语中的使用情况分别进行考察,由此证明:第一,全球华语拥有早期国语这一共同基础;第二,传统国语有两条主要发展线索,即普通话与华语,二者有较为明显的差异,但是时至今日也有一定程度的融合;第三,各地华语有较高的一致性,但是也有一定的差异。最后,文章提出了“现代汉语史视野下的普通话与华语”这一命题,主要是想从历时角度理清全球华语及各地华语的发展线索与脉络,由此更好地理解和把握它们的共时样态及相互关系。
Global Chinese have a common basis and source, this is the first half of the twentieth century national language common language - Mandarin. The article is based on the three sets of common nouns in the world, namely “breakfast, lunch, dinner, breakfast, lunch, dinner, breakfast, lunch and dinner”, before the Mandarin, Mandarin, Mandarin and Mandarin respectively, which proves that: firstly, Global Chinese has the common foundation of early Mandarin; secondly, there are two main development clues of traditional Chinese, namely Mandarin and Chinese, which are more obvious However, there is a certain degree of convergence to this day. Third, there is a high degree of consistency between Chinese and overseas but there are also some differences. Finally, the article puts forward the proposition of “Mandarin and Chinese in the perspective of modern Chinese history”, mainly trying to sort out the clues and contexts of the development of Chinese in the world and all over China from the diachronic perspective, so as to understand and grasp them better The synchronic patterns and relationships.