一、小论文小论文写作是培养学生分析能力和表达能力的有效形式。我们可以选择一些有理论性和思想性，学生又感兴趣的问题，如社全市文义和观、人牛价值、如何树立正确的消费观等，布置学生进行小论文写作，引导他们进行理性思考。二、讨论、讲演中学生思维具有独立性、批判性 A. Small Papers Small Papers Writing is an effective form of cultivating students’ analytical and presentation skills. We can choose some questions that are theoretical and ideological and students are interested in, such as the city’s cultural awareness and outlook, the value of human cattle, how to establish a correct outlook on consumption, etc., and arrange students to write small essays to guide them in thinking rationally. II. Discussion, Lecture Middle school students’ thinking is independent and critical