近代以来的政治哲学思想,根据对国家与个人关系的不同见解,大体可归结为自由主义、国家主义和无政府主义三种传统。马克思提出的“自由人联合体”设想中,对“联合体”这一社会形式的强调,将自己与自由主义和无政府主义区别开来;对“自由人”这一价值目标的诉求,将马克思思想与国家主义这种压抑人的“虚幻共同体”区别开来;对“自由人联合体”建立的政治前提和物质基础的强调,则是马克思超越各种浪漫主义和乌托邦主义的根本所在。 Since the modern political philosophy, according to different views on the relationship between the state and the individual, can be generally attributed to the three traditions of liberalism, nationalism and anarchism. In the concept of “the federation of free persons” put forward by Marx, the emphasis on the social form of the “consortium” distinguishes itself from liberalism and anarchism; on the “free man” The distinction between Marxist thinking and nationalism, the repressive “illusory community”, and the emphasis on the political premise and the material basis for the establishment of the “Freeman Commonwealth” The Roots of Romanticism and Utopianism.