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目的 建立一个稳定、可靠、与临床病理状态接近的阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA)动物模型。方法 中国小型猪 10头 ,分为A、B两组 ,A组采用凝胶外部注射法制作模型 ;B组采用凝胶内部注射法制作模型。手术过程中及结束后 ,用多导睡眠仪检测脑电图、口鼻气流、鼾声、胸式呼吸、腹式呼吸、血氧饱和度。 1周后复查多导睡眠图。 2周后行CT检查 ,3个月后处死动物行病理形态学检查。结果 手术结束后两组动物均出现呼吸暂停或低通气及血氧饱和度下降 ,组间相比呼吸暂停时间、呼吸暂停指数、血氧饱和度无明显差别。 1周后复查 ,两组呼吸暂停时间、呼吸暂停指数均较术后当天明显增加 ,血氧饱和度明显下降 ,P <0 0 5 ,B组上述指标的变化更为明显 ,P <0 0 5。CT检查结果 :A组咽腔有一定程度的狭窄 ;B组咽腔呈明显狭窄状。病理形态学结果 :光镜下可见呈交联状的凝胶 ,表面有一层由排列整齐的胶原纤维和弹性纤维形成的结缔组织薄膜 ,胶原纤维和弹性纤维向凝胶内部生长。结论 凝胶注射法建立的慢性阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停模型稳定、可靠、重复性好 ,与临床病理状态接近 ,可进行长期的、动态的研究 ,可广泛应用于睡眠呼吸暂停综合征发病机制、病理生理及治疗学等领域的研究 ,相比而言 ,内部注射法更优。
Objective To establish a stable and reliable animal model of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) close to clinical and pathological conditions. Methods 10 Chinese miniature pigs were divided into A and B groups. Group A was made by external gel injection. Group B was made by gel injection. During and after surgery, EOS, nasal airflow, snoring, chest breathing, abdominal breathing and oxygen saturation were detected with polysomnography. After 1 week to review polysomnography. 2 weeks after the line CT examination, 3 months after the animals were sacrificed for pathological examination. Results After the surgery, both groups showed apnea or hypoventilation and oxygen saturation. There was no significant difference between the two groups in apnea time, apnea index and oxygen saturation. One week later, the apnea time and apnea index in both groups were significantly increased compared with the day after surgery, and the oxygen saturation decreased significantly (P <0.05). The changes of these indexes in group B were more obvious (P <0.05) . CT examination results: Group A pharyngeal cavity has a certain degree of stenosis; Group B pharyngeal cavity was stenosed. Pathomorphological results: visible light microscopic cross-linked gel, the surface has a layer of neat collagen fibers and elastic fibers formed by the connective tissue film, collagen fibers and elastic fibers to gel internal growth. Conclusion The model of chronic obstructive sleep apnea established by gel injection is stable, reliable, reproducible and close to clinicopathological state, which can be used for long-term and dynamic research. It can be widely used in the pathogenesis of sleep apnea syndrome, pathology Physiology and therapeutics and other fields of study, compared with the internal injection method is better.