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采用盆栽试验,系统聚类分析我国北方高产春玉米高产40个品种,分钾高效型(I)、钾中效型(II)及钾低效型(III),II型品种最多(57.5%),III型品种次之(25%),I型品种最少(17.5%)。3个类型品种子粒的钾素含量以钾低效型品种最高,钾高效型品种最低;子粒的钾素积累分配以钾高效型品种最高,钾低效型品种最低。根茎叶的钾含量及钾素积累量在开花期和成熟期无显著差异;成熟期茎秆的钾素分配比例以钾高效型品种最高(p<0.05),钾中效型和钾低效型品种无显著差异。钾高效型品种的钾素干物质生产效率、钾偏生产力、钾收获指数、钾转移量和钾转移效率显著高于其他2类型品种。相关和通径分析表明,钾素干物质生产效率和粒重与钾素子粒生产效率显著相关。
A pot experiment and cluster analysis were used to analyze 40 high yielding spring maize varieties with high potassium yield (I), potassium medium efficiency (II) and potassium inefficiency (III) , Type III followed (25%), type I at least (17.5%). The potassium content of the three types of cultivars had the highest potassium inefficiency and the lowest potassium high efficiency. The potassium accumulation and distribution of grain were the highest with potassium high efficiency and the lowest potassium inefficient. There was no significant difference in K content and K accumulation between rhizomes and leaves at the flowering and maturing stages. The highest proportion of potassium in maturing stage was potassium (p <0.05), while potassium and inefficiency No significant difference in varieties. Potassium high efficiency cultivars had significantly higher potassium K use efficiency, potassium partial productivity, potassium harvest index, potassium transfer and potassium transfer efficiency than other 2 types. Correlation and path analysis showed that K production efficiency and grain weight were significantly correlated with K production efficiency.