色觉障碍包括色盲和色弱,有后天性和先天性之分.后天患者往往伴有视力的严重损害,故较易发现.先天患者往往视力良好,对自己的色觉异常往往不自知.色觉障碍与日常生活及工作有密切的关系,故研究青少年色觉障碍的发病情况,对其职业选择、优生优育,减少色盲的发病率,采取相应的预防措施等都具有一定的实际意义.为此,我们于1988年5月至6月对汉中市八个中学的部分中学生进行了色觉障碍的详细调查与统计,现报告如下: Color vision disorders, including color blindness and color weakness, acquired and congenital points. Acquired patients are often accompanied by serious damage to vision, it is easier to find .Congenital patients often vision is good, often not aware of their own color vision abnormalities. Daily life and work are closely related, so the study of juvenile onset of color vision disorders, their career choices, prenatal and postnatal care, to reduce the incidence of color blindness, to take appropriate preventive measures have some practical significance.To this end, we From May to June 1988, some secondary school students in eight secondary schools in Hanzhong conducted detailed investigations and statistics on the color vision disorders. The report is as follows: