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高超声速飞行使飞行器表面热负荷急剧增加,要求燃料作为推进剂供给飞行器动力的同时满足冷却要求。不同燃料的物理热沉相差无几,利用吸热型碳氢燃料的裂解反应获得热沉势在必行。在这种条件下,单纯的热裂解已不能满足要求,引发及催化裂解作为提高燃料裂解性能的途径成为研究热点。本实验分别以正十二烷、异辛烷和甲基环己烷作为模型化合物,对比了热裂解、引发裂解以及催化裂解3种不同裂解方式下模型化合物的产气率,气相产物平均分子量以及产物组成,评价不同裂解方式的裂解性能。结果表明,催化剂的使用对于提高裂解性能效果最佳,580℃下将正十二烷产气率由5.31%提高至6.94%。
Hypersonic flight makes the aircraft surface thermal load increased dramatically, requiring fuel as a propellant to supply aircraft power while meeting the cooling requirements. Different physical heat sink of the fuel is almost the same, the use of endothermic hydrocarbon fuel cracking reaction to obtain heat sink is imperative. Under these conditions, pure pyrolysis can not meet the requirements, and lead and catalytic cracking as a way to improve fuel cracking performance become a hot topic. In this experiment, n-dodecane, isooctane and methylcyclohexane were used as model compounds respectively to compare the gas production rate, the average molecular weight of the gas phase products and the average molecular weight of the model compounds under three different cracking modes of pyrolysis, priming and catalytic cracking Product composition, evaluation of different pyrolysis cracking performance. The results show that the use of catalyst is the best for improving the cracking performance. The gas yield of n-dodecane increased from 5.31% to 6.94% at 580 ℃.