沿岸海域由于水浅,与外海相比,具有显著不同的海洋学特征。又因各沿岸海域的海岸地形、海底地形、生态系统、淡水的流入及水体交换等状况的不同,其海洋学特征也不尽相同。本文试从物理、化学和生物等方面对沿岸海域氮营养盐(HNO3一N、HNO2—N和NH3-N)的变化进行探讨。一、物理因素 影响海水中营养盐浓度变化的主要因素,一般认为是生物作用。但海水的运动、扩散等物理过程,对氮营养盐及浮游生物的分布均有很大影响。对环境变化较为明显的沿岸海域,物理因素就显得尤为重要。在河口区,咸淡水混合的过程由海水的运动所控制。而引起沿岸 Coastal waters, due to shallow water, have significantly different oceanographic features compared to the open sea. Owing to the different coastal terrain, seafloor topography, ecosystem, inflow of fresh water and exchange of water bodies in coastal areas, their oceanographic features are also different. This paper attempts to explore the changes of nitrogenous nutrients (HNO3-N, HNO2-N and NH3-N) in coastal waters from the aspects of physics, chemistry and biology. First, the physical factors Affect the concentration of nutrients in seawater changes in the main factors that are generally considered biological role. However, the physical processes of seawater movement and diffusion have a great impact on the distribution of nitrogenous nutrients and plankton. For the coastal areas where the environment changes obviously, the physical factors become more and more important. In estuarine areas, the process of mixing fresh and brackish water is governed by the movement of seawater. Caused by the coast