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野外观察是课堂教学的自然延伸,是乡土地理教学的有机组成部分。野外观察主要是观察本地的地质地貌概况,采集乡土矿物岩石标本,结合了解水文、土壤、植被等自然环境诸要素,内容十分丰富。野外观察也是学生(特别是城市学生)很感兴趣的活动之一。 1.观察准备: ①选择野外观察路线和观察点,建立稳定的观察基地,是保证野外观察顺利进行的关键。在组织学生观测前,指导老师须对本地地质地貌充分了解,对观察建立起稳定的观察基地,并根据大比例尺等高线地形图绘制出“野外观察路线图”。在图上,除显示所需观察的地形概貌外,还须用不同符号标明观察路线及观察点。②阅读地图和地质地貌资料: 在按照教学计划外出观察前,如条件许可,应先阅读
Field observation is a natural extension of classroom teaching and is an integral part of rural geography teaching. The field observations are mainly observations of local geological topography, collection of indigenous mineral rock specimens, and the combination of understanding of natural elements such as hydrology, soil, and vegetation. Field observation is also one of the activities that students (especially urban students) are very interested in. 1. Observing and Preparing: 1 Select the field observation route and observation point, and establish a stable observation base, which is the key to ensure the smooth observation of the field. Before organizing student observations, the instructor must fully understand the local geomorphology, establish a stable observation base for the observation, and draw a “field observation road map” according to the large-scale contour topographic map. In the figure, in addition to displaying the topographical profile to be observed, the observation route and observation point must be marked with different symbols. 2 Read maps and geomorphological data: Before going out to observe according to the teaching plan, read as necessary if conditions permit.