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千里淮河,原来是一条航运、灌溉都很便利的河流,民间曾有“走千走万比不上淮河两岸”的说法。公元1194年,黄河在阳武(今河南省原阳县境内)决口,改道流入山东的梁山泊,再循泗水河道滚滚南下,抢占了淮河河道,与淮河合流共同东流进入黄海。由于黄河长期夺淮,黄水挟带的大量泥沙年复一年的沉淀淤积,使淮河干支流河床逐渐淤高,排水不畅。在低洼的中游地区形成了城西、城东、瓦埠等一连串的湖泊,在济宁与徐州之间形成了南四湖,在黄淮交汇处形成了洪泽湖,在里运河以西的高宝洼地形成了高邮、宝应等湖。由于湖面不断扩大,湖周大片陆地和历史古城沉没水底,形成了湖泊底部多古城的奇特景观。
Trinidad and Huaihe River, turned out to be a shipping, irrigation is very convenient for the river, folk once had “thousands of walk away from the Huaihe River” argument. AD 1194, the Yellow River in Yangwu (now Yuanyang County, Henan Province) burst, diverted into Liangshanpo in Shandong, and then follow the Surabaya River billowing south, to seize the Huaihe River, with the Huaihe River common eastward into the Yellow Sea. As the Yellow River wins the Huai River, a large amount of sediment and silt brought along with the Yellow River sediment deposition year after year, so that the river bed of the Huaihe River tributaries gradually siltation, poor drainage. A series of lakes such as Chengxi, Chengdong and Wabu were formed in the middle and lower reaches of the low-lying area. Nansi Lake formed between Jining and Xuzhou, Hongze Lake formed at the confluence of Huang-Huai River and Kao-Po depression Formed Gaoyou, Baoying and other lakes. Due to the continuous expansion of the lake, the vast land of Lake Zhou and the ancient city of the old submerged, forming a strange landscape of the ancient city at the bottom of the lake.