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盒形件拉深的侧壁卷曲是一种普遍的回弹现象,需要进行有效控制或者补偿。侧壁卷曲是由于材料在流经凹模圆角区域后其内外表面的应力差所形成的反向弯矩造成的。将盒形件分为转角区域、过渡区域、直边区域和底部区域,并提出了盒形件拉深的反向弯矩简化模型,将直边部分简化为U形件,转角区域反向弯矩视为零,二者中间存在一个线性的过渡区域。在此基础上,分析了直边区域侧壁材料成形应力变化历史,提出并实现了控制盒形件侧壁卷曲的浮动拉延筋工艺。实验结果表明:浮动拉延筋能有效控制盒形件拉深过程中的侧壁卷曲现象,其完全起作用时,可使侧壁卷曲量减少86.1%。
Side-wall crimping of boxed parts is a common rebound phenomenon that requires effective control or compensation. Side-wall curling is due to the reverse bending moment created by the stress difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the material as it passes through the fillet area of the die. The box is divided into the corner area, the transition area, the straight edge area and the bottom area. A simplified model of reverse bending moment for box-shaped drawing is proposed. The straight edge is simplified as a U-shaped piece, Moments as zero, there is a linear transition between the two areas. Based on this, the history of the forming stress of the sidewall material in the straight edge region is analyzed, and the floating drawbead technology of curling the sidewall of the box element is proposed and realized. The experimental results show that the floating drawbead can effectively control the side-wall curling phenomenon during the drawing process of the box-shaped parts, and when fully functioning, the curling amount of the side walls can be reduced by 86.1%.