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目前,在世界煤炭地下开采理论中,有许多关于采场上覆岩层在受到采动影响后所形成的结构理论和模型假说,其中比较有影响的有压力拱假说、台阶下沉假说、铰接岩块假说、拉巴斯的假塑性体假说和我国采矿专家钱鸣高教授等提出的“砌体梁结构”理论等,这种种假说在生产应用中各有长短,本文仅试图对覆岩可能形成的砌体梁结构模型作进一步的探讨。一、砌体梁结构形成的条件当下部煤层开采以后,其上覆岩层在重力和地应力的作用下,将发生变形,运动后形成了“三带”,即:破碎带、裂隙带和弯曲下沉带。
At present, there are many theories and model hypotheses about the mining underground overburden strata affected by the mining. Among the more influential theories are the pressure-arch hypothesis, the step-down hypothesis, the hinged rock Block hypotheses, pseudoplasticity hypothesis of La Paz and the theory of “masonry beam structure” proposed by Professor Qian Minggao, a mining expert in our country, etc. These kinds of hypotheses have their own length in production and application. Masonry beam structure model for further discussion. 1. Conditions for the formation of masonry beam structure After the mining of the lower coal seam, the overlying strata will be deformed under the action of gravity and earth stress. After the movement, the “three belts” are formed, namely: broken zone, fracture zone and bending Sinking belt.