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通过大田观测对12种狼尾草属植物的繁殖能力、生态适应性和观赏性进行评价,并结合资料调研,采用2种风险评估体系,即中欧风险评估体系(WG-WRA)和澳大利亚(或新西兰)杂草风险评估体系(WRA),对其进行风险评估。结果表明:2种风险评估有较为相似的结果,50%以上的种类(包括品种)其入侵分值超过20分,具有中度Ⅱ及中度以上入侵风险;其中,狼尾草(Pennisetum alopecuroides)具有非常高的入侵风险,入侵等级为高度风险Ⅲ,2种风险评估分值分别为32分和29分。相关性分析表明:狼尾草属植物对环境的适应能力对其入侵风险具有重要贡献,适应性广、抗逆性强(抗寒性、抗旱性、抗病虫害)的种类其入侵风险更高;狼尾草属植物的有性繁殖能力和入侵风险也具有明显的正相关关系。种子产量高的种类其入侵风险较高,例如狼尾草;种子产量较低的种类其入侵风险相对较低,例如绒毛狼尾草(P.villosum)和东方狼尾草(P.orientale)。本研究表明,狼尾草属植物的观赏性和其入侵风险呈现负相关趋势。
Based on field observations, the reproductive ability, ecological adaptability and ornamental value of 12 species of Pennisetum were evaluated. Based on the data survey, two risk assessment systems, namely the Central European Risk Assessment System (WG-WRA) and Australia (or New Zealand) Weed Risk Assessment System (WRA) for risk assessment. The results showed that the two kinds of risk assessment had similar results. More than 50% of the species (including cultivars) had invasion scores of over 20 points, which were moderately moderate and moderately invasive. Among them, Pennisetum alopecuroides Has a very high risk of invasion, the invasion level is a high degree of risk Ⅲ, two kinds of risk assessment scores were 32 and 29 respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the adaptability of Pennisetum to the environment has an important contribution to the invasion risk, and the invasiveness is higher in the species with wide adaptability and strong stress resistance (cold resistance, drought resistance, pest resistance) The reproductive capacity of Pennisetum also had a significant positive correlation with the risk of invasion. Species with high seed yield have a higher risk of invasion, such as Pennisetum, and species with lower seed yield have a lower risk of invasion, such as P. villosum and P. orientale. This study showed that the ornamental plants of Pennisetum and its invasion risk showed a negative correlation trend.