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目的:了解青海高原地区近5年间不同民族妇女宫颈癌患者的分布情况。方法:对2004~2008年青海大学附属医院病理科诊断准确、病理资料完整的宫颈癌患者421例,根据民族分布、患者年龄、组织学类型进行统计分析。结果:近5年来青海高原地区宫颈癌发病人数逐年增加,不同民族有其不同的分布特点,藏族妇女为宫颈癌高发人群,好发年龄在40~49岁,回族妇女宫颈癌发生比其他民族提早10岁。在421例宫颈癌中鳞癌最常见,藏族妇女宫颈癌中腺癌的构成比较高。结论:青海高原地区宫颈癌的发病率较高,可能与青海地区海拔较高,经济条件较落后,饮食习惯、卫生条件有关,也可能与基因的多态性等有关。应开展宫颈细胞学普查,降低宫颈癌的发病率与死亡率。
Objective: To understand the distribution of cervical cancer patients from different ethnic women in Qinghai Plateau in the recent 5 years. Methods: 421 cases of cervical cancer with complete diagnosis and pathological diagnosis of pathology department of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University from 2004 to 2008 were analyzed statistically according to ethnic distribution, patient’s age and histological type. Results: In the recent 5 years, the incidence of cervical cancer in Qinghai Plateau has been increasing year by year. Different nationalities have their different distribution characteristics. Tibetan women are the high incidence of cervical cancer. The incidence is 40-49 years old. The incidence of cervical cancer in Hui women is earlier than that of other ethnic groups 10 years old. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common in 421 cases of cervical cancer, while the constitution of adenocarcinoma in Tibetan women is relatively high. Conclusion: The incidence of cervical cancer is high in Qinghai Plateau, which may be related to the elevation of Qinghai area, the backward economic conditions, dietary habits and sanitation, and may also be related to the gene polymorphism. Cervical cytology should be conducted to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer and mortality.