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目的 了解社区老年人支气管哮喘的患病情况 ,为哮喘防治奠定基础。 方法 采用整群抽样 ,对南海市桂城社区 2 481名 60岁以上老年人进行哮喘的流行病学调查。 结果 确诊老年人哮喘 98例 ,患病率为 3 .95 % (男4.91%、女 2 .92 % ) ,男性高于女性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;工业区老年人哮喘的患病率高于文化区 (患病率分别为 5 .12 %、3 .2 6% ,P<0 .0 5 ) ;有遗传家族史者 45例 ,占 45 .92 % ;78%的患者发病年龄 >14岁 ;诱发因素前 3位分别是上呼吸道感染、气候变化和刺激性气体 ;合并COPD2 5例 ,占 2 5 .5 1%。 结论 老年人哮喘是不容忽视的疾病 ,需加强对社区哮喘的管理和教育。
Objective To understand the prevalence of bronchial asthma in the community elderly and lay the foundation for the prevention and treatment of asthma. Methods A total of 2 481 elderly people over the age of 60 in Guicheng community in Nanhai were enrolled in the study. Results The prevalence of asthma in elderly was 98 cases, the prevalence was 3.95% (4.91%, 2.92%) and higher in males than in females (P <0.05). The prevalence of asthma in the elderly in industrial areas (Prevalence rate was 5.12%, 3.226%, P <0.05). There were 45 cases with genetic family history, accounting for 45.92%; 78% of the patients had the onset age> 14 years old; the first three predisposing factors were upper respiratory tract infection, climate change and irritant gas respectively; 5 cases were complicated with COPD2, accounting for 25.51%. Conclusion Elderly asthma is a disease that can not be neglected. It is necessary to strengthen the management and education of community asthma.