常对部件制约的是某一方向的尺寸,如轴向。在这种情况下,减小尺寸可通过改变另一方向尺寸来解决。例如图9,a、Ⅱ中,通过增大径向尺寸d_2来减小齿轮的轴向尺寸l_2(与图Ⅰ中尺寸l_1和d_2相比)。同样,该原理可应用于花键、锥体及类似联接件中。它们的承载能力与直径的平方成正比(见图4,b)。 Constraints often on the part of a direction of the size, such as axial. In this case, reducing the size can be solved by changing the dimensions in the other direction. For example, in Figure 9, a, and II, the axial dimension of the gear is reduced by increasing the radial dimension d_2 (compared to the dimensions l_1 and d_2 in Figure I). Again, this principle can be applied to splines, cones and similar couplings. Their carrying capacity is proportional to the square of the diameter (see Figure 4, b).