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权力监督与制衡是政治学和法学中的重要问题,但不同的政治背景和法律制度中的权力监督模式呈现出多样性。具体到审判监督制度,在都奉行人民主权原则的美国和我国,却分别选择了陪审团模式和通过检察机关进行法律监督模式。为了更好地配置司法权,有三种监督模式可供选择:建立陪审团制度,取消检察机关的审判监督权;建立专门机关实施审判监督;权力机关监督与法律监督机关相结合的监督模式。第三种监督模式比较适合中国国情。
Power supervision and checks and balances are important issues in politics and jurisprudence, but the patterns of power supervision in different political backgrounds and legal systems show diversity. Specific to the trial and supervision system, both the United States and China, which all follow the principle of popular sovereignty, have respectively chosen the jury model and the legal supervision mode through the procuratorial organs. In order to better dispose the judicial power, there are three kinds of supervision modes to choose from: establishment of the jury system, removal of the procuratorial authority of the trial and adjudication authority; establishment of specialized agencies to carry out trial supervision; and supervisory power organs to supervise the legal supervisory organs. The third mode of supervision is more suitable for China’s national conditions.