立克次体病的免疫学研究,最早着重于体液免疫。体外试验,如一般用作斑疹伤寒,疫苗效力鉴定的“毒素”中和试验效果比较明显,但抗感染效果往往不佳。体内试验,抗血清的被动免疫效果也不确实。后来,注意力转移到吞噬作用,认为体液抗体的调理作用和乔噬细胞相结合才能消灭入侵立克次体,其免疫机理为细胞免疫与体液免疫并重。近年研究似有更多证据证明抗感染实以细胞介导免疫为主,体液免疫为辅。 Rickettsial disease immunology research, the earliest focus on humoral immunity. In vitro tests, such as generally used as typhus, vaccine efficacy identification “toxin ” neutralization test results are more obvious, but the anti-infective effect is often poor. In vivo tests, passive immunization of antisera is not valid. Later, attention shifted to phagocytosis, that humoral antibody conditioning and the role of Joe phagocytes in order to eliminate the invasion of rickettsia, the immune mechanism for both cellular immunity and humoral immunity. In recent years, studies seem to have more evidence that anti-infectives are mainly mediated by cell-mediated immunity, supplemented by humoral immunity.