论文部分内容阅读
针对太行山前平原浅层地下水超采日趋严峻问题,以滹沱河流域为例,采用MapGIS空间分析技术,探讨了近50年来该区地下水位埋深及分布面积演变的时代标志性特征。研究表明,该平原区浅层地下水呈现区域疏干加剧的态势;1963年,地下水以小于5m埋深的分布区为主,其面积占全区面积的96.8%,尚未出现大于10m埋深的分布区;1975年,5~10m埋深的分布面积迅速扩大,占全区面积的67.3%,大于10m埋深的分布区面积达23.1%;1985年,10~20m埋深的分布面积占69.4%,出现大于20m埋深的分布区,面积340km2;1995年,20~30m埋深的分布面积占全区面积的51.7%,为4238km2,大于30m埋深的分布区面积达4.7%;2005年,大于30m埋深的分布面积占全区面积的49.9%,出现大于40m埋深的分布区,面积达330km2。目前,局部出现了大于50m埋深的分布区。气候旱化,加剧地下水补给量减少和开采量不断增大,加之河道长期干涸,是主导成因。因此,适时调控开采量,使其与气候变化规律相适应,将有利于遏制该区地下水超采疏干态势。
Aiming at the increasingly severe over-exploitation of shallow groundwater in the Taihang piedmont plain, taking the Hutuo River basin as an example, this paper explores the landmark features of the groundwater depth and distribution area in the past 50 years using MapGIS spatial analysis technology. The study shows that the shallow groundwater in the plain area presents the trend of deepening and deepening. In 1963, the groundwater is mainly distributed in areas less than 5m in depth, accounting for 96.8% of the total area of the whole area, with no distribution larger than 10m Area; in 1975, the distribution area of 5 ~ 10m buried depth rapidly expanded, accounting for 67.3% of the total area; the distribution area of more than 10m buried depth reached 23.1%; in 1985, the distribution area of 10 ~ 20m buried depth accounted for 69.4% , Showing a distribution area of more than 20m depth with an area of 340km2. In 1995, the distribution area of 20 ~ 30m buried depth accounted for 51.7% of the total area, 4238km2, and an area of more than 30m buried area reached 4.7%. In 2005, The distribution area of more than 30m buried depth accounts for 49.9% of the total area, with a distribution area of more than 40m buried with an area of 330km2. At present, there is a local distribution of more than 50m depth. Arid climate, aggravating the reduction of groundwater recharge and increasing exploitation, together with long-term river channel drying up, are the dominant causes. Therefore, timely control of the amount of exploitation to make it consistent with the law of climate change will be conducive to curb the over-exploitation of groundwater in the area to divert dry trend.