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目的调查2008年“5.12”汶川大地震后,汶川、北川、绵竹3个极重灾区群众健康素养状况在开展行为干预活动2年后的效果,对干预活动进行评估。方法采用问卷调查方法,于干预活动开展的前后分别调查了360名居民的健康相关知识、健康相关行为等内容。结果灾区居民健康素养基本知识知晓率于干预前后分别为57.1%和83.2%;健康行为形成率于干预前后分别为41.2%和68.5%。知晓率和形成率的提高均有统计学意义(χ2=46.1,P<0.01;χ2=29.3,P<0.01)。结论经过2年的行为干预活动,地震极重灾区的健康教育工作已取得一定成绩,但仍需不断深入开展有针对性地开展健康素养的宣传和普及。
Objective To investigate the effect of the health literacy status of the three severely affected areas of Wenchuan, Beichuan, and Mianzhu in 2008 after “5.12” Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 and two years after the behavior intervention was carried out to evaluate the intervention. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the health-related knowledge and health-related behaviors of 360 residents before and after the intervention. Results The awareness rate of basic knowledge about health literacy among residents in disaster areas was 57.1% and 83.2% respectively before and after intervention. The incidence of healthy behaviors before and after intervention was 41.2% and 68.5% respectively. The awareness rate and the formation rate were significantly increased (χ2 = 46.1, P <0.01; χ2 = 29.3, P <0.01). Conclusion After two years of behavioral interventions, some achievements have been made in health education in severely affected areas. However, it is still necessary to carry out targeted and targeted publicity and popularization of health literacy.