有次序的引入新的通信协议,例如开放系统互连的标准化,需要细致地分析所提出的协议,并对协议实现的发展和测试工作。最近在形式描述技术(FDT)领域及其用于协议设计验证、实现开发和测试方面已做了大量的研究工作。本文是这些问题的引论,并且对这些领域的最新研究作了评论。本文试图阐明形式协议规范,它们的验证和协议实现一致性测试等工作的总的趋向。形式规范用于协议的实现也作了讨论。 The introduction of new communication protocols in sequence, such as the standardization of open system interconnections, requires careful analysis of the proposed protocols and the development and testing of the protocols. A great deal of research has recently been done in the field of formal description techniques (FDT) and its use for protocol design verification, implementation development and testing. This article is an introduction to these issues and comments on the latest research in these areas. This article attempts to clarify the general trend of formal protocol specifications, their verification and protocol conformance testing. The formal specification is also discussed for implementation of the protocol.