目的：观察低分子量肝素（ｌｏｗｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｗｅｉｇｈｔｈｅｐａｒｉｎ，ＬＭＷＨ）对兔结膜成纤维细胞增殖的抑制作用，探讨其与地塞米松联合应用的价值，并与肝素的抑制作用相比较。方法：应用ＭＴＴ法，测定不同浓度的ＬＭＷＨ对结膜成纤维细胞增殖的抑制作用，同时比较单独应用ＬＭＷＨ、地塞米松、同一抗凝单位的肝素及ＬＭＷＨ联合地塞米松对成纤维细胞增殖的抑制作用。结果：ＬＭＷＨ对兔结膜成纤维细胞增殖的抑制作用与浓度成正相关关系，与对照组相比本实验所采用浓度的各种药物均对兔结膜成纤维细胞的增殖有抑制作用（Ｐ＜００５），ＬＭＷＨ比肝素的抑制作用强，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜００５），而与ＬＭＷＨ联合地塞米松相比抑制作用无显著性差异（Ｐ＞００５）。结论：ＬＭＷＨ有可能克服肝素易引起出血的副作用，成为一种新型的抗眼部增殖性疾病的药物 OBJECTIVE: To observe the inhibitory effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on the proliferation of rabbit conjunctival fibroblasts and to explore its value in combination with dexamethasone, and to compare with the inhibitory effect of heparin. Methods: MTT assay was used to determine the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of LMWH on the proliferation of conjunctival fibroblasts. Meanwhile, the inhibition of proliferation of fibroblasts by using LMWH, dexamethasone alone, the same anticoagulant heparin and LMWH plus dexamethasone was compared effect. Results: The inhibitory effect of LMWH on the proliferation of rabbit conjunctival fibroblasts was positively correlated with the concentration. Compared with the control group, all the drugs used in this experiment inhibited the proliferation of rabbit conjunctival fibroblasts (P <0. 05). The inhibitory effect of LMWH was stronger than that of heparin (P <005), but no significant difference was found between LMWH and heparin (P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is possible that LMWH overcomes the side effects of heparin-induced hemorrhage and becomes a novel anti-ocular proliferative disease drug