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欧债危机的根本原因是欧元区存在着财政政策和货币政策的不对称性及政策困境。为了解决财政联盟的缺失,欧盟于2011年首次推出了“欧洲学期”(European Semester)。“欧洲学期”是一次预先协调各国及欧盟经济政策的新尝试,但是还存在法律基础、机构设置、透明度等方面的缺陷,成员国适应情况也有很大差异。总结第一个学期的经验,改善这一协调机制,对欧元区应对不对称冲击、欧元区一体化以及世界的政治经济格局都有深远影响。
The fundamental reason for the debt crisis in Europe is the asymmetry of the fiscal and monetary policies and policy dilemma in the euro area. To address the lack of fiscal union, the European Union first launched the European Semester in 2011. The “European semester” is a new attempt to coordinate the economic policies of all countries and the EU in advance. However, there are still some flaws in the legal foundation, organizational structure and transparency. The adaptation of member countries is also quite different. Summing up the experience of the first semester and improving this coordination mechanism have far-reaching effects on the asymmetric impact of the Eurozone in the response to the Euro-zone integration and the world’s political and economic pattern.