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目的了解荣成市居民健康素养水平现状,分析主要影响因素,为今后的健康教育干预措施和策略的调整和制定提供科学依据。方法 2016年8月采用多阶段分层整体随机抽样的方法,抽取荣成市辖区10个镇(街道),再从每个镇(街道)中抽取2个自然村(居委会),用KISH法确定符合条件的居民作为调查对象,参考卫生部2012年发布的《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》自制健康素养调查问卷入户调查。结果调查1 000人,居民健康素养水平为18.48%,具备健康知识与理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能的人群分别占36.96%、31.5%和53.15%。城镇居民健康素养水平高于农村居民(P<0.01)。受教育水平程度越高的居民,其具备的健康素养水平越高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论荣成市居民健康素养总体水平较全国居民健康素养水平高,荣成市居民健康生活方式与行为具备率明显低于健康知识与理念和基本技能具备率;区域、年龄和受教育文化程度是影响居民健康素养水平的主要因素。
Objective To understand the current status of health literacy of residents in Rongcheng, analyze the main influencing factors and provide scientific basis for the future adjustment and formulation of health education interventions and strategies. Methods In August 2016, a total of 10 towns (streets) in Rongcheng municipality were selected by adopting a multistage stratified random sampling method. Two villages (neighborhood committees) were extracted from each town (street), and KISH method was used to determine the eligible conditions Of residents as the survey, refer to the 2012 National Health Literacy Surveillance Questionnaire issued by the Ministry of Health home-made health literacy questionnaire survey. Results A total of 1,000 people were surveyed. The health literacy level of residents was 18.48%. The number of people with healthy knowledge and philosophy, healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and basic skills accounted for 36.96%, 31.5% and 53.15% respectively. The level of health literacy of urban residents is higher than that of rural residents (P <0.01). The higher the level of education, residents have higher levels of health literacy, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The overall health literacy of residents in Rongcheng is higher than that of the whole country. The healthy lifestyles and behaviors of residents in Rongcheng are significantly lower than those of health knowledge and philosophy and basic skills. The education level of residents, The main factor of health literacy level.