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目的调查黑龙江口岸地区蜱携带新发蜱传病原体的情况。方法针对黑龙江省5个中俄边境口岸,2014年4-6月采集蜱类样本188份,利用PCR方法分别扩增5种新发蜱传病原体的特异性核酸片段,通过基因测序进一步鉴定并分型。结果共检测出莱姆病螺旋体(Borrelia burgdorferi)阳性样本11例,巴贝西原虫(Babesia)1例,斑点热群立克次体(spotted fever group rickettsia)101例,巴尔通体(Bartonella)6例,嗜吞噬细胞无形体(Anaplasma phagocytophilum)10例,感染率分别为5.85%、0.53%、53.7%、3.72%、5.32%。共发现8种病原体,分别是嘎氏疏螺旋体(Borrelia afzelii)、伽氏疏螺旋体(Borrelia garinii)、巴贝西原虫属(Babesia sp.)、劳氏立克次体(Rickettsia raoultii)、新塔拉塞维奇立克次体(Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae)、黑龙江立克次体(Rickettsia heilongjiangensis)、巴尔通体属(Bartonella sp.)、嗜吞噬细胞无形体(Anaplasma phagocytophilum)。结论黑龙江中俄边境存在新发蜱传疾病多样性的特征,提示应重点关注斑点热群立克次体感染,并开展蜱及蜱传疾病的常态监测。
Objective To investigate the tick-borne pathogens of tick-borne tick in Heilongjiang port area. Methods A total of 188 ticks samples were collected from April to June in 2014 in five Sino-Russian border crossings in Heilongjiang Province. Five specific nucleic acid fragments of pathogen of ticks were amplified by PCR and further identified and sequenced by gene sequencing type. Results There were 11 positive samples of Borrelia burgdorferi, 1 Babesia, 101 of spotted fever group rickettsia, 6 of Bartonella , And 10 cases of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The infection rates were 5.85%, 0.53%, 53.7%, 3.72% and 5.32%, respectively. A total of 8 pathogens were found, namely Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii, Babesia sp., Rickettsia raoultii, Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae, Rickettsia heilongjiangensis, Bartonella sp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Conclusion The diversity of new tick-borne diseases exists on the border between China and Russia in Heilongjiang Province. It suggests that the focus should be on the infection of rickettsia and the regular monitoring of tick and tick-borne diseases.