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This is an empirical study. A systematic analysis is made of the relationship between private enterprise owners and state actors as it evolves during the process of engaging in political participation.The evidence shows that the owners have not yet come to form,as a group,an independent political force.A major reason is that the formation of their interests,as well as the expression and realization,are heavily influenced by the political environment and system in which they must operate.Building on these empirical analyses,I introduce and discuss two concepts:extra economic coercion and relational convenience.Political participation deriving from conditions of extra economic coercion is a very limited sort of participation.In essence,it is a process of individuals attempting to derive the greatest benefits from the capital they have under their control.
This is an empirical study. A systematic analysis is made of the relationship between private enterprise owners and state actors as it evolves during the process of engaging in political participation. The evidence shows that the owners have not yet come to form, as a group, an independent political force. A major reason is that the formation of their interests, as well as the expression and realization, are heavily influenced by the political environment and system in which they must operate. Building on these empirical analyzes, I introduce and discuss two concepts: extra economic coercion and relational convenience. Political participation deriving from conditions of extra economic coercion is a very limited sort of participation. In essence, it is a process of individuals attempting to derive the greatest benefits from the capital they have under their control.