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1型糖尿病 (type 1DM)是儿童期一种常见的慢性病 ,其病因未明。但 1型 DM的主效易感基因位于 HL A上现已成公认的事实 ,而且随着研究的深入 ,发现了该疾病与不同的等位基因的相关性 ,与 DR3和 DR4,以及 DQ分子 ,尤其 DQβ链 5 7位非天门冬氨酸和 DQα链的 5 2位精氨酸的作用。通过跨种族的人群研究已证实了易感基因与发病率的一致性关系 ,然而一致性的程度在各种族中的不同则说明了其它次效基因的作用 ,尚需进一步的研究。1型 DM的分子流行病学研究的进展必将为其病因学研究提供强有力的支持。
Type 1 diabetes is a common chronic disease in childhood, the etiology of which is unknown. However, the major and major susceptibility genes of type 1 DM are now well established in HLA, and as the research progresses, the association of this disease with different alleles has been found to be associated with DR3 and DR4 as well as DQ molecules , In particular the DQβ chain 57 non-aspartate and DQ α chain arginine 52. Cross-ethnic population studies have confirmed the consistency of susceptibility genes and incidence, but the degree of consistency in different races shows the role of other secondary genes, further study is needed. The progress of molecular epidemiology of type 1 DM will certainly provide powerful support for its etiological research.