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目的了解南昌市某新区新入学儿童国家免疫规划疫苗的接种情况,为制定免疫策略提供参考。方法从某新区31所小学随机抽取10所,再从抽中的学校中各抽取1个一年级的班级(若该学校只有1个一年级的班级,则不进行抽样),对抽中班级所有满6岁的学生查阅预防接种本的接种信息,并对监护人预防接种知识进行问卷调查,共调查569人。结果儿童监护人的基本预防接种知识总知晓率为75.69%;影响儿童预防接种的主要因素为接种基础疫苗的时间、监护人接种疫苗态度、监护人文化程度、监护人预防接种知识得分(χ2值分别为155.52,162.24,11.911,49.71,P值均<0.01)。经多因素Logistic回归分析显示,2岁之后一类疫苗未完成接种率是2岁之前的3.67倍,监护人接种疫苗态度“一般”、监护人文化程度越高,监护人预防接种知识得分越高。儿童未完成一类疫苗接种率越高(P值均<0.01)。结论需提高监护人预防接种知识和意识水平,预防接种门诊应加强提醒儿童预防接种。
Objective To understand the vaccination status of vaccines for new immunization of new-born children in a new district of Nanchang and provide a reference for the development of immunization strategies. Methods A total of 10 randomly selected samples from 31 primary schools in a new district were selected from each of the primary schools in the sample. If the school only had one first grade class, no sample was taken, Students over the age of 6 were given vaccination information, and questionnaires were conducted on guardians’ vaccination knowledge. A total of 569 students were surveyed. Results The total awareness rate of basic guardianship among child guardians was 75.69%. The main factors influencing children’s vaccination were the time of vaccination, guardian’s vaccination attitude, guardian’s educational level and guardian’s vaccination knowledge score (χ2 = 155.52, 162.24,11.911,49.71, P <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after 2 years of age, the vaccination rate of unvaccinated vaccines was 3.67 times higher than that of 2-year-olds. The guardian’s vaccination attitude was “average”, and the higher the guardian’s educational level, the higher the guardian’s vaccination knowledge score. The higher the vaccination rate for children who did not complete a class (P <0.01). Conclusion It is necessary to raise guardian’s knowledge and awareness of vaccination and vaccination clinic should be strengthened to remind children of vaccination.