目的　观察直肠癌术前放疗的临床效果。方法　对 2 8例直肠癌病人进行术前放疗 ,观察肿块变化情况 ,不良反应 ,进行术后随访等。结果　放疗后肿块缩小 ,保肛率提高、局部复发率降低。结论　术前放疗可以减少复发率 ,提高切除率 ,增加保肛率 ,为直肠癌综合治疗的较佳方式 Objective To observe the clinical effect of preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer. Methods Twenty-eight patients with rectal cancer underwent preoperative radiotherapy to observe the changes of tumor mass, adverse reactions and follow-up after operation. Results after radiotherapy shrinkage, anus rate increased, the local recurrence rate decreased. Conclusion Preoperative radiotherapy can reduce the recurrence rate, improve the resection rate and increase the rate of anal sphincter preservation, which is a better way for comprehensive treatment of rectal cancer