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目的:了解我县健康人群中乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染率及其模式,探讨预防乙肝的对策与措施。方法:采取整群抽样及ELSIA法,检测我县城乡不同年龄、性别人群血清中乙肝病毒标志物HBsAg、HBeAg、HBsAb、HbeAb和HBcAb。结果:HBV总感染率65.77%(269/409),五项检测指标均阴性140例,占34.23%。各血清学检测阳性指标中有6种构成模式:单项HBsAb阳性(36.43%)、单项HBcAb阳性(9.29%)、HBsAb和HBcAb阳性(14.3%)、HbsAg和HBcAb阳性(1.17%)、HBsAg和HBeAb及HBcAb阳性(3.18%)、HBsAg和HBeAg及HBcAb阳性(0.73%)。1~4岁组人群中无HBsAg阳性,5~14岁、15~59岁和60~岁组HBsAg阳性率较高(3.74%、11.01%和5.62%)(P<0.01)。人群中HBsAb总阳性率为50.86%,无年龄、性别及城乡差异(P>0.05)。15~59岁和60~岁组人群中HBcAb阳性率(54.13%和49.02%)明显高于1~4岁和5~14岁组(2.20%和6.54%)(P<0.05)。结论:接种乙肝疫苗使儿童HBV感染率明显减少,城乡人群HBV感染率差异也明显缩小,但成人中仍有一定的HBV感染率,应加强乙肝疫苗预防接种。
Objective: To understand the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and its patterns in healthy population in our county and to explore the countermeasures and measures to prevent it. Methods: Serum HBsAg, HBeAg, HBsAb, HbeAb and HBcAb were detected by cluster sampling and ELSIA in urban and rural areas of our county. Results: The total infection rate of HBV was 65.77% (269/409). The five detection indexes were all negative in 140 cases (34.23%). Six serogroups were positive for serological detection: single HBsAb positive (36.43%), single HBcAb positive (9.29%), HBsAb and HBcAb positive (14.3%), HbsAg and HBcAb positive (1.17%), HBsAg and HBeAb And HBcAb positive (3.18%), HBsAg and HBeAg positive and HBcAb positive (0.73%). The HBsAg positive rate was higher in the age group of 1 to 4 years (3.74%, 11.01% and 5.62%) than those in the age group of 5 ~ 14, 15 ~ 59 and 60 ~ (P <0.01). The total positive rate of HBsAb in the population was 50.86%. There were no differences in age, gender and urban-rural (P> 0.05). The positive rates of HBcAb (54.13% and 49.02%) in 15-59 and 60-60 years old groups were significantly higher than those in 1-4 and 2-5 years old groups (2.20% and 6.54%, P <0.05). Conclusion: Hepatitis B vaccination in children significantly reduced the rate of HBV infection, HBV infection in urban and rural populations also significantly reduced the difference, but adults still have a certain rate of HBV infection, hepatitis B vaccine should be strengthened vaccination.