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目的了解现阶段影响麻疹发病的危险因素,为控制麻疹提供依据。方法将广东省各地区按经济水平分两层随机抽取两个,再在每个地区各抽取一个县,选取2008年以来的实验室确诊麻疹病例,按0~7月龄、8月龄~6岁、7~14岁、≥15岁分4个年龄组;以与病例家庭地址最近为原则,按照1∶2匹配,选择同住一社区、同一年龄组的未患过出疹性疾病的邻居作为对照,分析麻疹发病危险因素。结果抽样共抽出东莞市和清远市清新县两地共调查符合病例定义的麻疹病例82例,对照组164例。麻疹发病单因素分析显示,病例组与对照组比较,无麻疹疫苗免疫史(OR=5.65,95%CI:2.91~11.07)、发病前1~3周到过医院(OR=5.50,95%C:I 2.60~11.75)、无接种证(OR=1.88,95%CI:1.01~3.52)、母亲家中分娩(OR=2.02,95%C:I 1.03~3.97)与麻疹发病相关。结论免疫预防基础工作不足、医院感染的存在等因素可能是影响麻疹发病的主要危险因素。
Objective To understand the current risk factors affecting the incidence of measles and provide the basis for controlling measles. Methods Two regions were randomly selected from two regions according to their economic level in Guangdong Province. One county was selected from each region. Measles cases confirmed by laboratory since 2008 were selected. According to the data of 0-7 months, Years old, 7 to 14 years old, ≥ 15 years old in 4 age groups. According to the principle of recent cases and family addresses, according to 1: 2 matching, choose to live in a community, the same age group not suffering from rash disease neighbors As a control, the risk factors for measles morbidity were analyzed. Results A total of 82 cases of measles cases and 164 cases of measles cases were selected from Dongguan City and Qingxin County in Qingyuan City. Univariate analysis showed that there was no history of measles vaccine immunization (OR = 5.65, 95% CI: 2.91 ~ 11.07) in the case group and the control group. The hospitalized patients (OR = 5.50,95% C: I 2.60-11.75), no vaccination certificate (OR = 1.88,95% CI: 1.01-3.52), and maternal labor (OR = 2.02,95% C: I 1.03-3.97) was associated with the incidence of measles. Conclusions Insufficient basic work on immunoprophylaxis and the presence of nosocomial infection may be the main risk factors for measles.