目的调查广州市小学、幼儿园学生家长对甲型H1N1流感(简称甲流)的认知情况和预防行为,为制定学校和托幼机构的甲流防控策略提供参考。方法本次调查为横断面的调查,采用分层、系统和整群抽样的方法,在广州市随机抽取1个行政区的3所小学、3所幼儿园。通过学校向学生家长发放调查问卷,学生家长自愿填写。问卷主要内容包括:家长甲流防治相关知识(包括甲流感染途径及预防措施等)、态度(包括家长如何应对学校或托幼机构停课等)和行为(包括家长采取各种预防措施、孩子患病就医和申报行为等),并采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果共发放调查问卷618份,回收有效问卷577份,有效应答率为93.37%。调查577名学生家长中,90.29%、78.34%的家长分别通过电视和报纸获取甲流知识。85.96%的家长认为接触甲流病人易得甲流,仍有20.28%、11.27%的家长分别认为吃不干净的食物及输血可传染甲流。甲流预防措施中,家长对注意个人卫生和勤洗手知晓率最高,分别为86.14%、81.63%。85.79%的家长在近1周内关注孩子的身体健康情况,19.93%的家长近1个月给孩子服用预防流感药物。79.72%的家长认为学校停课对控制甲流疫情有一定作用。如果学校或托幼机构停课,46.79%的家长需要请假照顾孩子,30.68%的家长要求孩子自己留在家里。如果接触了甲流病人,出现发热、咳嗽、咽痛等呼吸道症状,前往就医时有78.86%(455/577)会叫救护车、步行或自行开车前往,就诊时有91.68%(529/577)会主动告知医生接触史。结论广州市部分学生家长对甲流防治相关知识了解不足,应加强开展学生家长健康教育,重点宣传甲流传播途径等知识,提高家长将孩子健康情况向学校主动申报的意识,着重做好居民患呼吸道疾病就诊方式的健康教育。 Objective To investigate the cognition and prevention of Influenza A (H1N1) Influenza A (H1N1) in primary and kindergarten students in Guangzhou and provide references for the prevention and control of Influenza A (H1N1) in schools and nurseries. Methods The survey was a cross-sectional survey. Using stratified, systematic and cluster sampling methods, three primary schools and three kindergartens were randomly selected from one administrative district in Guangzhou. Through the school to the parents of students to issue questionnaires, parents volunteered. The main contents of the questionnaire include: knowledge of parents’ prevention and treatment of Influenza A (including the route of influenza A infection and preventive measures), attitude (including how parents deal with school or kindergarten suspension, etc.) and behaviors (including parents taking various preventive measures, Medical treatment and reporting), and descriptive epidemiological methods were used for analysis. Results A total of 618 questionnaires were sent out, and 577 valid questionnaires were returned. The effective response rate was 93.37%. Among the 577 parents surveyed, 90.29% and 78.34% of parents obtained the knowledge of H1N1 through TV and newspapers respectively. 85.96% of parents think there is still 20.28% of A patients who are exposed to H1N1 flu, 11.27% of them think that eating unclean food and blood transfusion can transmit A stream respectively. A prevention measures, parents pay attention to personal hygiene and wash their hands the highest awareness, respectively, 86.14%, 81.63%. 85.79% of parents paid close attention to the health condition of their children in nearly a week, and 19.93% of parents took the prevention of influenza drugs to their children for nearly a month. 79.72% of parents think that school closures have a certain effect on controlling the epidemic of pandemic H1N1. If the school or kindergarten is closed, 46.79% of parents need leave to take care of their children, and 30.68% of parents ask their children to stay at home. If contact with a flow of patients, fever, cough, sore throat and other respiratory symptoms, to seek medical treatment, 78.86% (455/577) will call an ambulance, walking or driving by themselves, at the time of treatment 91.68% (529/577) Will take the initiative to inform the doctor exposure to history. Conclusion Some parents in Guangzhou do not know enough about the knowledge of prevention and treatment of Influenza A, we should strengthen the education of parents’ health education, emphasize the knowledge of A-SC ways and so on, and raise the awareness of parents about their children’s health reporting to the school voluntarily. Health education on respiratory disease treatment.