马尔库塞在其文化批判中,把社会批判和意识形态批判深入到文化评价,形成了特定的高雅文化观,认为高雅文化具有否定性、超越性的特征,因而是真正革命性的文化,是判断各种社会文化的重要标准。从高雅文化的标准来看,资本主义流行文化是资本主义生产方式的文化体现,是资本主义意识形态的重要组成部分,它通过降低并消解人们的主体性、批判性来达到维护资本主义的目的,在根本上是一种辩护性的非文化。在当代中国的文化建设中借鉴马尔库塞的文化批判理论可获得两个启示,一是在推动文化大众化的同时必须防止文化的过度市场化和庸俗化,特别是要防止通俗文化对高雅文化的吞噬;二是在同西方文化交流过程中应当自觉意识到西方流行文化的资本主义本质并防止其文化意识形态的渗透。 Marcuse criticized the social critique and ideology deeply into the cultural evaluation in his cultural criticism, formed a certain elegant cultural view, considered the elegant culture to have the characteristics of negation and transcendence, and thus was a truly revolutionary culture and was Judge various social and cultural standards. From the perspective of elegant culture, capitalist pop culture is a cultural embodiment of capitalist mode of production and an important part of capitalist ideology. It achieves the goal of preserving capitalism by reducing and eliminating people’s subjectivity and criticism , Is basically a defensive non-cultural. Two enlightenments can be obtained from Marcuse’s theory of cultural criticism in the cultural construction of contemporary China. First, while promoting the popularization of culture, it is necessary to prevent the over-marketization and vulgarization of culture. In particular, Phagocytosis; Second, during the process of cultural exchanges with the West, we should consciously recognize the essence of capitalism in Western popular culture and prevent the infiltration of its cultural ideology.