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韦伯理论中的官僚制作为法理型统治的代表形式,不但要求个人服从其规定,更要求个人将其规定的内容接受为“合理的”。当个人无法接受规范的“合理性”或者规范的目的的时候,服从的要求便侵犯了个人的自由。韦伯认为社会生活的各个方面都会被官僚制制度化,到那时,便没有个人自由存在的空间。这是因为韦伯把个人对规范背后的价值的接受作为自由的前提。最后,本文将指出韦伯对解决这一难题无能为力的原因在于他把自由主义文化的衰落作为现实予以接受,而拒绝采取非自由主义的手段去予以维护,以至于他无法想象祛魅的世界中个人如何能服从规范却自由。
The bureaucratic system in Weber’s theory as the representative form of juridical rule not only requires individuals to obey its rules, but also requires that individuals accept the content of their stipulations as “reasonable ”. When an individual can not accept the normative “rationality” or normative purpose, obedience demands violate the individual’s freedom. Weber believes that all aspects of social life will be institutionalized by the bureaucracy, then there will be no room for personal freedom. This is because Weber takes the acceptance of the individual’s value behind the norm as a prerequisite for freedom. Finally, this article will point out that Weber’s power to solve this problem lies in his acceptance of the decline of liberal culture as a reality and its refusal to adopt non-liberal means of preservation so that he can not imagine individuals in a disenchanted world How to obey norms but freedom