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租借地是西方人在近代中国领土上以其法制模式实施统治的场域。胶澳和威海卫都位于山东半岛,因地理优势,先后通过1897年《中德胶澳租借条约》、1898年《中英订租威海卫条约》沦为德国(大陆法系的代表)和英国(英美法系的代表)的殖民地。德国人和英国人都依各自的殖民利益目标建立起有别于这两个地区原有制度的殖民法律体系。两个地区的中国人初尝“民主参政议政”、目睹“西方法”对公共管理模式的全新塑造、亲历“西洋式”司法制度的运行,随之而来是他们诉讼习惯的改变以及对“西法理念”潜移默化地接受。屈辱于殖民统治的中国人颇有认同感地接受“被强加的”、“西方法”的事实是有深层原因的,这种以亲身感受获取的对“西方法”的全新认知和自主选择在不自觉中涵化为中国人法律意识的一种新的内在构成,并最终导致全新的法律观念的出现。这是一条考量殖民地法制的“殖民性”与“现代性”之外“被忽略”却又值得关注的“西法东渐”的路径。
Leased land is a field where Westerners practice their rule in the legal system in modern China. Jiaodao and Weihaiwei are both located in Shandong Peninsula. Due to geographical advantages, they successively passed the “Sino-German Rubber-Australia Leasing Treaty” in 1897 and the Weihai Wei Treaty Revisited in 1898 into Germany (representative of the continental legal system) and the United Kingdom (Representative of Anglo-American law) colony. Both Germans and Britons set up colonial legal systems that are distinct from the original systems of the two regions, in accordance with their respective goals of colonial interests. The Chinese in the two regions started their trial of “democracy and participation in politics and government” and witnessed the new shaping of the public administration mode and the running of the “Western-style” judicial system by the “Western law”, followed by their litigation Change of habit and subtle acceptance of “Western philosophy ”. The fact that the Chinese who humiliated the colonial rule accepted the “imposition” of “Western law ” with a strong sense of identity has a profound reason. This kind of personal understanding of the “Western Law” Brand-new cognition and independent choice are unconsciously accreted as a new internal constitution of Chinese legal consciousness and eventually lead to the emergence of entirely new legal concepts. This is a path that takes into account the “colonialism” and the “modernity” of the colonial legal system and the “neglected” but notable “western and eastern development.”