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目的了解深圳市宝安区成人(>14岁)和儿童(0~14岁)感染性腹泻的病原学差异。方法采集宝安区2012年1月-2014年12月成人和儿童感染性腹泻患者的粪便标本,进行病原学分离、鉴定,并对检测结果统计分析。结果检测成人标本4 512份,总检出率17.00%,主要病原为副溶血性弧菌,检出率为7.49%,腹泻的主要症状为腹痛和水样便,发生率分别为65.81%、53.57%。检测儿童标本2 608份,总检出率28.80%,主要病原为轮状病毒和诺如病毒,检出率分别为10.35%、8.44%,腹泻的主要症状为发热和水样便,发生率分别为32.28%和46.78%,成人和儿童腹泻均多发于夏秋两季。结论 2012-2014年副溶血性弧菌是深圳市宝安区成人感染性腹泻的主要病原,轮状病毒和诺如病毒是儿童感染性腹泻的主要病原菌,加强不同人群的监测,根据各种病原在不同季节检出率的差异开展相应的防控措施。
Objective To understand the etiological differences of infectious diarrhea among adults (> 14 years) and children (0-14 years) in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City. Methods Stool samples from adults and children with infectious diarrhea in Baoan District from January 2012 to December 2014 were collected and pathogenically isolated and identified. The results of the detection were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 4 512 adult specimens were detected with a total detection rate of 17.00%. The main pathogen was Vibrio parahaemolyticus, with a detection rate of 7.49%. The main symptoms of diarrhea were abdominal pain and watery stools, with rates of 65.81% and 53.57, respectively %. The detection of 2 608 samples of children, the total detection rate of 28.80%, the main pathogen rotavirus and Norovirus, the detection rates were 10.35%, 8.44%, the main symptoms of diarrhea fever and watery stool, the incidence rates were 32.28% and 46.78%. Both adults and children suffered from diarrhea in summer and autumn. Conclusion 2012-2014 Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the main pathogen of adult infectious diarrhea in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City. Rotavirus and Norovirus are the main pathogenic bacteria in children with infectious diarrhea, and they can be monitored differently in different populations. The detection rate of different seasons to carry out the corresponding prevention and control measures.