高血压是由环境与遗传因素相互作用所引起的,而钠盐摄入过多是影响高血压发病的重要环境因素之一.研究发现钠盐摄入量与高血压密切相关,但是钠盐摄入量却与心血管风险之间呈“J”型曲线关系,而不是简单的线性关系,深入阐述钠盐摄入与血压和心血管风险的关系将有利于指导合理用盐实践.现从钠盐摄入对高血压和心血管风险的影响、参与高血压形成的机制、合理的钠盐摄入量以及目前在高血压研究中存在的问题等方面做一综述.“,”Hypertension is caused by the interaction of environmental and genetic factors.Excessive intake of sodium is one of the important environmental factors affecting the pathogenesis of hypertension.Studies have found that sodium intake is closely related to hypertension,but sodium intake associated with cardiovascular risk was“J”-type curve,rather than a simple linear relationship.The relationship between sodium intake,blood pressure and cardiovascular risk will help guide the rational use of salt intake.Therefore,in this paper,the effects of sodium intake on the risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease,the mechanism involved in the formation of hypertension,the reasonable intake of sodium salt,and the problems in the study of hypertension were reviewed.