本文叙述了在独立自主、自力更生的原则指引下,研制成功酰胺型萃取剂,以及应用于稀有金属的提取和分离的许多有成效的示例。二烷基乙酰胺是属于以羰基为官能团的弱碱性萃取剂,其特点是容易合成,物理化学性能好,选择性高。现巳成功地应用于铌钽分离,铊的提取,钼铼分离和萃取镓,在有关工厂生产实践中效果良好。 This article describes the successful examples of the development of amide-based extractants under the guidance of the principle of independence and self-reliance, as well as many effective examples applied to the extraction and separation of rare metals. Dialkylacetamide is a weakly basic extractant with carbonyl as a functional group, which is characterized by easy synthesis, good physicochemical properties and high selectivity. Now it has been successfully applied to the separation of niobium and tantalum, thallium extraction, molybdenum rhenium separation and extraction of gallium, the relevant plant production practice with good results.