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美国州法负责对第三方支付机构的专门行政监管,《统一货币服务示范法》作为其示范法,旨在实现消费者保护与反洗钱两大监管目标。美国绝大多数州都对货币转移商进行专门监管,各州州法的核心目标均是实现微观审慎监管,以期通过事先监管、持续监管和事后监管保护消费者利益。中国与美国在第三方支付监管上存在业务要求、资金要求、客户资金管理等方面的差异,中国的第三方支付监管可以在改革业务标准、投资范围及资本要求,建立实时监管机制等方面借鉴美国州法。
The U.S. state law is responsible for the special administrative supervision of third-party payment agencies. The Model Law on the Unification of Monetary Services serves as its model law to achieve the two regulatory objectives of consumer protection and anti-money laundering. Most states in the United States have special supervision over money transferrs. The core objective of each state law is to achieve micro-prudential supervision so as to protect consumers’ interests through prior supervision, continuous supervision and ex post supervision. China and the United States have different business requirements, capital requirements and customer funds management in terms of third-party payment regulation. Third-party payment regulation in China can learn from the United States in reforming business standards, investment scope and capital requirements, and establishing real-time regulatory mechanisms State law.