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目的探讨O型血孕妇体内免疫性IgG抗体效价与ABO新生儿溶血病发生的关系。方法产前孕妇与丈夫血液标本按照常规血型鉴定ABO及Rh D血型,ABO血型不合者检测IgG抗-A/抗-B抗体效价,采用微柱凝胶法检测抗体效价,并对产后新生儿进行新生儿溶血病检测。结果 513例孕妇中抗体效价为≤1∶32的共271例,占52.8%;1∶64的58例26.3%;1∶128的共66例占12.9%;≥1∶256的共41例占8.0%。IgG抗A/B效价随孕妇妊娠次数、年龄的增长而显著增高(P<0.05);513例孕妇中52例发生新生儿溶血病(HDN),发病率为10.1%。孕妇IgG抗A/B效价与ABO新生儿溶血病发病率呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论孕妇血清中IgG抗A(B)效价与HDN发病密切相关,产前进行ABO抗体效价检测对减少由母婴血型不合引起的溶血病发生具有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the relationship between immune titers of IgG antibodies and hemolytic disease of neonates with ABO in pregnant women with O-type blood. Methods Prenatal pregnant women and their husbands blood specimens were tested for ABO and Rh D blood group by conventional blood group, IgG anti-A / anti-B antibody titer by ABO blood group incompatibility, antibody titer was detected by microcolumn gel method, Pediatric hemolytic disease detection. Results Among 513 pregnant women, there were 271 cases with antibody titers ≤1: 32 (52.8%), 58 (26.3%) cases with 1:64, 12 (66%) cases with ≥1: 256 Accounting for 8.0%. The IgG anti-A / B titer increased significantly with the number and age of pregnant women (P <0.05). The 52 cases of neonatal hemolytic disease (HDN) occurred in 513 pregnant women with the incidence of 10.1%. The IgG anti-A / B titer in pregnant women was positively correlated with the incidence of hemolytic disease in neonates with ABO (P <0.05). Conclusions The titer of IgG anti-A (B) in serum of pregnant women is closely related to the onset of HDN. Prenatal detection of ABO antibody titer is of great significance to reduce the occurrence of hemolytic disease caused by maternal-fetal incompatibility.