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目的:探讨骨转移癌患者的临床特点及止痛效果,提高诊断及治疗水平。方法:回顾性分析165例骨转移癌患者的临床资料观察近期疗效。结果:165例骨转移癌患者的发病年龄为20岁～90岁,中位年龄58岁,男女比值为1.5:1,族别以汉族及维吾尔族居多,汉族患者出现转移部位的疼痛比率低于维族患者,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。近半数(44.24%)在确诊原发灶及治疗前已有骨转移。肺癌出现骨转移的时间最早,中位时间6月,原发灶较多的有:肺癌(34.54%)、前列腺癌(10.9%)、乳腺癌(9.7%)、宫颈癌(7.27%)、肝癌(6.67%)。全身多发转移占74.54%。转移部位以脊柱、骨盆、肋骨等部位多见,分别占80.6%、26.06%、19.39%,其中89.7%的患者有骨痛症状,少数表现为脊髓压迫、截瘫、病理性骨折。经过多因素分析发现,治疗方式是止痛效果的影响因素,联合治疗较其他治疗方式相比,P<0.05,有统计学意义。结论:165例骨转移癌患者中以汉族及维族多见,且宫颈癌在原发灶中占有较大的比例,汉族患者对疼痛的耐受性较维族患者好,骨转移癌影响患者生活质量,联合治疗方式的止痛效果好,改善患者生活质量。
Objective: To investigate the clinical features and analgesic effect of patients with bone metastases and to improve the diagnosis and treatment. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 165 cases of bone metastases in patients with clinical data observed short-term efficacy. Results: The age of onset of 165 patients with metastatic bone cancer was 20 years old to 90 years old, with a median age of 58 years. The ratio of male to female was 1.5: 1. Han and Uyghur ethnic groups were the majority. Han patients had lower rates of pain in the metastatic sites Uygur patients, P <0.05, the difference was statistically significant. Almost half (44.24%) of the patients had bone metastases before the diagnosis of primary tumor and treatment. The earliest bone metastasis occurred in lung cancer in June. The primary tumor was lung cancer (34.54%), prostate cancer (10.9%), breast cancer (9.7%), cervical cancer (7.27%), liver cancer (6.67%). Systemic multiple transfer accounted for 74.54%. The metastatic sites were more common in spine, pelvis and ribs, accounting for 80.6%, 26.06% and 19.39% respectively. Of them, 89.7% had bone pain symptoms, and a few showed spinal cord compression, paraplegia and pathological fractures. After multivariate analysis found that treatment is the influencing factor of analgesic effect, compared with other treatment methods, P <0.05, with statistical significance. Conclusion: Of the 165 patients with metastatic bone cancer, Han and Uygur are more common, and cervical cancer accounts for a larger proportion in the primary tumor. Han patients are more tolerant of pain than Uighurs, and bone metastases affect the quality of life of patients , The joint treatment of analgesic effect is good, improve patient quality of life.