话语原为现代西方语言学用语,自美国新批评引用到文学批评领域后,相继在结构主义、后结构主义等文学批评流派流行开来,并最终成为了当今文化批评和历史解读的最重要的理论武器之一。本文试图从语言、文本和社会实践三个不同层面,来梳理和分析话语理论的发展历史,并重点论述了福柯的话语理论在这整个过程中所起的承前启后的作用。 Discourse, originally a term of modern western linguistics, became popular in literary criticism schools such as structuralism and post-structuralism since the new criticism in the United States was applied to the field of literary criticism and eventually became the most important cultural criticism and historical interpretation of today One of the theoretical weapons. This paper tries to analyze and analyze the history of the development of discourse theory from three different levels of language, text and social practice, and focuses on the role of Foucault’s discourse theory in this whole process.