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本文从三方面探讨海洋环流与大气环流之间的对应关系。 1.海洋对于大气的热效应:通过北太平洋西部黑潮区水温分布及海洋与大气的热交换量,说明海洋可以影响到的大气高度;通过水温梯度分布找出其与1000—500mb厚度梯度分布的对应关系。 2.大气环流对于海洋环流的影响:根据黑潮轴线的季节变化,找出其与500mb西风急流和付热带高压轴线的活动是一致的协调的。黑潮强度与大气环流的对应关系并不明显。 3.西北太平洋海洋环流与天气系统:黑潮和亲潮邻接海区水温梯度最大,因而其上正是大气锋区所在,气旋最大频率区和海霧最大频率区均与海洋环流的活动息息相关。 从海洋环流与大气环流的对应关系中,指出海洋影响大气在温湿效应上,大气影响海洋在运动方面。但大气温湿属性改变了,必然引起空气运动。而海水运动产生了,也要引起温盐度的再分布。因而总的说来,海洋影响大气的直接作用为温湿效应,间接作用为空气运动。大气影响海洋的直接作用为海水运动,间接作用为温盐效应。
This article discusses the correspondence between ocean circulation and atmospheric circulation from three aspects. 1. The thermal effects of the ocean on the atmosphere: The water temperature in the Kuroshio area in the western North Pacific Ocean and the heat exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere are used to illustrate the atmospheric height that can be affected by the oceans. The gradient distribution of water temperature is used to find out the distribution of the gradient with the 1000-500mb thickness Corresponding relationship. 2. The Impact of Atmospheric Circulation on Ocean Circulation: According to the seasonal variations of the axis of the Kuroshio, it is found that it is in harmony with the activities of the 500-m-westerly jet stream and the high-pressure axis of the tropics. The corresponding relationship between the Kuroshio intensity and the atmospheric circulation is not obvious. 3. The Northwest Pacific Ocean Circulation and Weather System: The water temperature gradient is the largest in the adjacent sea area between the Kuroshio and the Ophiopogon so that the area where the front of the atmosphere is located, the maximum frequency of the cyclone and the maximum frequency of the sea fog are closely related to the activities of the ocean circulation. From the correspondence between the ocean circulation and the atmospheric circulation, it is pointed out that the ocean influences the atmosphere on the effect of temperature and humidity, and the atmosphere affects the movement of the ocean. But the temperature and humidity properties of the atmosphere changed, will inevitably cause air movement. The sea water movement, but also cause the temperature and salinity redistribution. Therefore, in general, the direct effect of oceans on the atmosphere is the effect of temperature and humidity, and the indirect effect is air movement. The direct effect of the atmosphere on the oceans is seawater movement, and the indirect effect is the salt-warming effect.