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目的评价2011年、2014年和2016年福建省碘缺乏病监测中不同盐碘含量对学龄儿童甲状腺容积分布的影响。方法 2011年和2014年福建省碘缺乏病监测采用以人口比例概率抽样法(PPS)分别抽取了1 219名和1 507名8-10岁儿童,而2016年以县级为单位采用分层抽样法抽取了6 312名8-10岁儿童;对抽中的儿童进行家庭户食用盐样和尿样采集以及甲状腺B超的测量。采用直方图和箱式图对甲状腺容积分布进行分析,计算偏度和峰度进行甲状腺容积正态性检验。结果家庭户食用盐碘中位数从2011年的29.30 mg/kg降低到2016年的23.20 mg/kg;2011年、2014年和2016年8-10岁儿童尿碘中位数分别为223.00、154.30和187.20μg/L;2011年、2014年和2016年甲状腺容积中位数(M)和四分数间距(IQR)分别为3.09 ml和1.21 ml、2.80 ml和1.10 ml、3.10 ml和1.20 ml;2011年、2014年、2016年甲状腺容积峰度和偏度分别为8.37和125.94、1.19和3.41、1.64和6.25。结论随着盐碘含量下降,学龄儿童尿碘中位数降低到适宜状态,同时甲状腺容积分布对称性提高。
Objective To evaluate the effects of different salt iodide concentrations on thyroid volume distribution in school-age children in monitoring iodine deficiency disorders in Fujian Province in 2011, 2014 and 2016. Methods Monitoring of iodine deficiency disorders in Fujian Province in 2011 and 2014 adopted 1 219 and 1 507 children aged 8-10 respectively by PPS (population probable sampling method). In 2016, stratified sampling method A total of 6,312 children aged 8-10 years were collected. Salt and urine samples collected from households were collected for children and the thyroid ultrasound was measured. Histogram and box diagram were used to analyze the volume distribution of the thyroid gland, skewness and kurtosis were calculated to test the thyroid volume normality. As a result, the median iodine for household consumption of household water was reduced from 29.30 mg / kg in 2011 to 23.20 mg / kg in 2016. The median urinary iodine for children aged 8-10 in 2011, 2014 and 2016 were respectively 223.00 and 154.30 And 187.20 μg / L respectively; median thyroid volume (M) and interquartile range (IQR) were 3.09 ml and 1.21 ml, 2.80 ml and 1.10 ml, 3.10 ml and 1.20 ml respectively in 2011, 2014 and 2016; Year, 2014 and 2016 thyroid volume kurtosis and skewness were 8.37 and 125.94, 1.19 and 3.41, 1.64 and 6.25, respectively. Conclusion With the decrease of salt iodine, the median urinary iodine of school-age children is reduced to the appropriate state, and the symmetry of thyroid volume distribution is improved.